Propositional Logic
Propositional logic represents statements as propositions (or statements) that can either be true or false. It uses logical operators such as AND, OR, and NOT to combine propositions and make inferences.
First-Order Logic
First-order logic extends propositional logic by introducing variables, quantifiers (such as ∀ for “for all” and ∃ for “there exists”), and predicates (which represent properties or relations between objects). It allows for more expressive and precise representations of knowledge.
Semantic Networks
Semantic networks represent knowledge in the form of nodes (representing concepts) and links (representing relationships between concepts). They provide a graphical representation of knowledge that is easy to understand and manipulate.
Frames and Scripts
Frames and scripts are knowledge representation schemes that organize knowledge into structured units. Frames represent objects or concepts along with their properties and relationships, while scripts represent stereotypical sequences of events or actions associated with particular situations.